What Is A Bastide?
A historical definition is in order. In the 12C the SW part of France was an unpopulated and lawless area because of fighting between England and France (Aquitaine vs. Toulouse), brigandage and the Albigensian Crusade. At the same time, population was exploding. The concept of free-towns (bastides) was approved by the central authorities. Some say Raymond VII of Toulouse founded Montauban this way in 1144, others say it was Cordes in 1222). The towns were built at one campaign to a modified Roman plan with a central square and a pair of parallel broad roads leading to surrounding wall-gates and lateral streets subdividing it into districts. The citizens were “free”, no longer vassals and land was allotted and farmed without tax. It was a contract between the landholders as a group and the noble. The tax was on trade and not production. The locations however were strategic and the...


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