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When you think about what the Warsaw Uprising Monument represents, it's really a story of heroism and abandonment. In 1944, with the German Army retreating across Poland from the advancing Soviets, the Polish resistance was organizing a plan to liberate their city. Using the sewers as a communication network, they figured they could hold out for a week or so until the allies and the Soviets arrived to help. When the Germans arrived in August of '44, the resistance, known as the Home Army, fought bravely in the face of a much larger, better equipped German force. They held out for an amazing 63 days at the expense of 200,000 Polish lives, while Stalin and the Soviets did nothing sitting just across the Vistula River in Praga. The Allies too, were tied up in Normandy and failed to send air support.
After being forced to surrender, their was more suffering in store for Warsaw. Hitler's revenge for the uprising was to order the complete destruction of Warsaw, instructing his army to take no prisoners. All inhabitants were to be killed and the city to be completely levelled.
The memorial was unveiled in 1989 on the 45th anniversary of the Uprising. Leave a Comment Directions: Intersection of ul Dluga and ul Bonifraterska
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It was the title of photographic exhibition displayed outdoor behind the Memory Wall (the Rose Park) of the Uprising Museum. Numerous old photographs taken during the Uprising were hang on the backside of the Memory Wall. The black and white pictures were slightly coloured. Each picture was shortly described as usual in the museum in the two languages: English and Polish.
Leave a Comment Address: Ul. Grzybowska 79, 00-844 Warszawa; PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 539 79 01Directions: In centre - some 1.3 km northwest of Central Railway Station. Entrance and parking in Przyokopowa St. (one-way: only northward traffic). Map hereWebsite: http://www.1944.pl Other Contact: kontakt@1944.pl
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The Warsaw Uprising Monument was unveiled in Krasinski Square, on 1st August 1989, this was a site of fierce fighting during the uprising. It was designed by Wincenty Kucma and architect Jacek Budyn and was paid for with public subscription. It consists of two groups of sculptures, 'insurgents' represents soldiers ready to fight on the barricades and 'exodus' depicts soldiers and a priest overseeing a soldier going down the sewers, there is a commemorative wall and an insurgent centre. The monument is maintained by the Association of Warsaw Insurgents. More than 40,000 Polish insurgents and about 180,000 civilians were killed or wounded. On the German side, an estimated 25,000 troops were killed, wounded or missing in action. Leave a Comment Address: Krasinski SquareDirections: Corner of ul. Dluga and ul. Miodowa
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During the Uprising the Home Army's Department of Propaganda made short movies which were watched in the cinema "Palladium" in Zlota St. I've watched one of these movies (with English subtitles) in the Uprising Museum cinema on the mezzanone level. I've got to know that the building which housed the Palladium Cinema is under renovation and will soon house Academic Multimedial Center Palladium: 120 computer stands, art gallery and small cinema with ambitious movies to watch and then discuss.
I've seen also uprising barricade with a huge photo of Warsaw street behind and information on so-called Columbus Generation on the walls where tenths pictures of young insurgent's faces and mirrors were hung.
The Generation of Columbus is common name of Poles born around 1920 who actively took part in anti-Nazi resistance and Warsaw Uprising. Many of them were killed that time. Those who survived WWII were persecuted by communist regime but played very important role transferring their strong patriotic feelings to their kids which was best seen during 16 months of the first anti-communist Solidarity movement in 1980 - 1981. The name of that generation originates from the title of famous in Poland book: "Kolumbowie. Rocznik 20" (Columbs, year 20 - review, follow the link in the bottom) by Roman Bratny which surprisingly was published in Poland (despite censorship) in 1957 that was after the end of the hardest Stalin's times. In 1970 the war, drama TV series "Kolumbowie" was made.
Leave a Comment Address: Ul. Grzybowska 79, 00-844 Warszawa; PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 539 79 01Directions: In centre - some 1.3 km northwest of Central Railway Station. Entrance and parking in Przyokopowa St. (one-way: only northward traffic). Map hereWebsite: http://www.greatestjournal.com/users/mizuki_ashiya/847.html Other Contact: kontakt@1944.pl
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I'd already seen the landmark of Warsaw that was the Warsaw Mermaid in the Old Town Market Square but to my suprise I saw it again in the Warsaw Uprsing Museum. Why?
Because of the young girl, Krystyna Krachelska who between 1936 and 1938 sat for scultptress Ludvika Nitschova, for the Mermaid monument. Krachelska was a poet who under conspirational pseudonym "Danuta" wrote words of the famous song of Warsaw insurgents "Hej, chlopcy bagnet na bron!" ("Hey, boys, take up your arms!"). This and other Uprising songs are available on CD in the museum shop.
On the first day of the Uprising she served as paramedic, was hit with a series of bullets and seriously wounded in the chest. Despite surgury she died next morning. There is her photo and commemorative plaque in the Uprising Museum
Leave a Comment Address: Ul. Grzybowska 79, 00-844 Warszawa; PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 539 79 01Directions: In centre - some 1.3 km northwest of Central Railway Station. Entrance and parking in Przyokopowa St. (one-way: only northward traffic). Map hereWebsite: http://www.1944.pl Other Contact: kontakt@1944.pl
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In the Royal Castle I've seen the temporary exhibition titled: "Solidarity 1830. Germans and Poles after the November Uprising." The exhibition in 2006 was a part of Polish-German Year 2005/2006 - a set of various cultural events both in Poland and Germany organized to close both neighbouring nations.
I've seen numerous drawings and pictures showing the November Uprising 1830 - 1831, armed rebellion against Russia's rule in Poland defeated by a numerically superior Russian army. I've got to know that after the defeat of the uprising numerous insurgents who were forced to leave Polish soil not to be arrested, imprisoned or even killed by tzarist authorities escaped to Germany. They gave a lot of help and support from Germans who collected money for them, set up supporting commitees, charity balls and concerts etc.
I remember allegoric picture titled "1831-32 Abschied der Polen Vom Vaterlan" (known in Poland as "Finis Poloniae") by Dietrich Monten and hired from Alte Nationalgalerie (Old National Gallery) in Berlin. I also remember a picture showing a Polish insurgent writing on a wall the first words of Polish national anthem: "Poland Will Never Lose Her Life."
Leave a Comment Address: Plac Zamkowy 4, 00-277 Warszawa, PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 657 21 70Directions: In the southern edge of the Old Town. Map here (Zamek Krolewski) or hereWebsite: http://www.de-pl.info Other Contact: Fax: +48 (22) 635 72 60
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In the Warsaw Uprising Museum I've watched a short movie with English subtitles made during the first visit of pope John Paul II to Poland in 1979 with his words spoken to the crowds in Pilsudski Square (Victory Square that time): "It's impossible to understand this city of Warsaw, the capital of Poland which in 1944 decided to get into an uneven fight against the occupant, the struggle in which Warsaw was deserted by the allied powers and then was reduced to a heap of rubble, without remembering that also Christ, the Savior with the cross from the church in Krakowskie Przedmiescie died under those heaps of rubble."
After John Paul II's death in 2005 everyone has spoken of his role in the defeat of Soviet communism and the liberation of Eastern Europe. We don't know everything, or even a lot, about the quiet diplomatic moves - what happened in private, what kind of communication the pope had with the other great lions of the 1980s, Reagan and Thatcher. And others, including Bill Casey, the tough old fox of the CIA, and Lech Walesa of Solidarity.
But I seriously think that I know the moment Soviet communism began its fall. It happened in public in Warsaw on June 2, 1979 in Pilsudski Square. Pope's visit gave Poles faith and strenght in the difficult times of communism and his famous words - "Do not fear" - heard by millions watching TV that day in 1979 became for the Poles a moral signpost for the next years laying foundation for the powerful social movement "Solidarity." There are more and more facts disclosed in Poland now, including some details on pope's surveillance made by Polish KGB for years. Well, it's already proven that the Soviet secret service (East German and Bolgarian) wanted to kill him soon later.
Leave a Comment Address: Ul. Grzybowska 79, 00-844 Warszawa; PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 539 79 01Directions: In centre - some 1.3 km northwest of Central Railway Station. Entrance and parking in Przyokopowa St. (one-way: only northward traffic). Map hereWebsite: http://www.1944.pl Other Contact: kontakt@1944.pl
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On the ground floor of the Warsaw Uprising Museum I've seen German BMW motorcycle used during the Uprising and the section called "Hour W." It was secret name of the hour where the Uprusing started - 5 pm on August 1, 1944. Despite the hour was fixed late, in the afternoon a day before, almost all of 45,000 soldiers of the Home Army got the info on time. After seeing the display on first, full of enthusiasm and joy days of the Uprising which liberated most of the centre and the Old Town I took an elevator decorated with Polish national flags (red and white) to the mezzanine. To my surprise i heard well known to me uprising song in the elevator.
Warsaw insurgents in contrast to Germans were very poorly armed and they didn't have any air and artillery support. I've seen in the museum some guns produced by insurgents during the Uprising. Well, they worked but soon the insurgents due to lack of ammunition had to use it in the "one bullet - one dead enemy" way.
The commanders of the Home Army predicted 2, max. 5 days fights, never 63! They heard artillery of incoming Soviet Army which finally reached the right bank of the Vistula River that was Warsaw district Praga. Poles were sure that the Soviet troops marching fast Westwards would enter the city in a few days.
From political reasons Stalin ordered Soviet troops to stop on the Vistula River line for... 6 months and pushed part of the forces southwards towards the Balkans. Historicians say that there were no military reasons for such decision and that Berlin could have been easily conquered by the Soviet Army 6 months before. But Stalin's plan was not only to defeat Hitler but to achieve as much influence in central Europe as possible. Nowadays, Poles call the Soviet Army watching the total defeat and damage of Warsaw "sleeping army."
Leave a Comment Address: Ul. Grzybowska 79, 00-844 Warszawa; PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 539 79 01Directions: In centre - some 1.3 km northwest of Central Railway Station. Entrance and parking in Przyokopowa St. (one-way: only northward traffic). Map hereWebsite: http://www.1944.pl Other Contact: kontakt@1944.pl
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The 2-floor tall wall called the Monument in my picture is the heart of the exposition in Warsaw Uprising Museum. The structure is made of metal tiles with carved dates: day by day from the beginning of Uprising on August 1 to the end on October 5. The monument speaks or rather throbs like the heart of Warsaw during the Uprising.
Various, different sounds of the Uprising (3 recordings, 5 min. each) are heard from each crack of the Monument: loud and scaring sounds of fights, original sounds of uprising radio, street noice, songs sung by insurgents and prayers of civillians. I was walking around the monument to hear different sound effects in each place. Watch for really loud sounds of bomb explosions, especially the heavy German bombs called by insurgents "cows" because of the characteristic moooo sound (warning) they made before the explosion.
There are calendar cards to take put in chronological order along the visitor's itinerary. Each card includes short desription of the events of specific day. When I was in the museum and collected all uprising days, the cards were available exclusively in Polish language although they are translated into English in the museum webpage.
Leave a Comment Address: Ul. Grzybowska 79, 00-844 Warszawa; PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 539 79 01Directions: In centre - some 1.3 km northwest of Central Railway Station. Entrance and parking in Przyokopowa St. (one-way: only northward traffic). Map hereWebsite: http://www.1944.pl Other Contact: kontakt@1944.pl
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The King's Dining Room in the Royal Castle is full of old paintings hung on walls but the most interesting is wooden decorative floor and a few items: clock put on a post above a fire and a mysterious device hung on a wall which was probably meteorological station of those times; it included a thermometer and closk showing both time and weather.
The whole self-guided tour along the Great Apartment, the King's Apartment and temporary exhibition took me about 1 and half hour and it was enough time. You may take next self-guided tour (about 1 hour) included the Courtiers Lodgings, the Apartment of Crown Prince Stanisław, the Houses of Parliament, and the Crown Prince's Chambers. The Castle Gardens are under renovations now (February 2006) but it will be next option hopefully soon.
Leave a Comment Address: Plac Zamkowy 4, 00-277 Warszawa, PolskaPhone: +48 (22) 657 21 70Directions: In the southern edge of the Old Town. Map here (Zamek Krolewski) or hereWebsite: http://www.zamek-krolewski.com.pl Other Contact: Fax: +48 (22) 635 72 60
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