Historical Pride at the Citadel of Erbil

The Citadel of Erbil, known as Qelay Hewlêr in Kurdish, is a remarkable ancient site with evidence of occupation dating back to the 5th millennium BC, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited sites in the world.

Founded by unknown early occupants, it became significant during the Neo-Assyrian period and later as a center for Christianity in the Sassanian and Abbasid eras. Unique features include its elevated structure with a mosque, an 18th-century hammam, and museums housing exquisite gemstones and traditional Kurdish carpets.

Notable Highlights

• 🕌 Mulla Afandi Mosque: The only surviving religious structure within the citadel.
• 🏺 Archaeological Museums: Exhibits of gemstones and Kurdish carpets showcasing cultural heritage.
• 🌄 Historical Architecture: The citadel rises between 25 to 32 meters above the surrounding plain, offering a panoramic view.

Access to the citadel is free, making it an appealing destination for tourists, families, and historians alike.